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In doing so, each has difficulty actually defining culture, while being considerably better at explaining what is not culture. Each redefines culture from a term limited to individuals to one that encompasses society as a whole. Tylor’s Primitive Culture, 1871.″) The simultaneous appearance of the two new theories of culture suggests an overlapping interest in responding to one and the same problem. (See Peter Melville Logan, “On Culture: Edward B. This second usage was also a Victorian invention, spelled out around the same time in Edward B. Anthropology views culture not as something to be acquired but rather as “a whole way of life,” something we already have. He defined culture in idealist terms, as something to strive for, and in this respect his theory differs from its anthropological counterpart. Figure 1: Photograph of Matthew ArnoldIn Culture and Anarchy, Matthew Arnold (1822-88) articulated a theory of culture that continues to influence thinking about the value of the humanities in higher education.
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